Table 1 Study population demographic and dietary metadata
Characteristic | CeD (n = 49) | NC1R (n = 64) |
|---|---|---|
Age, years, mean (SD), median, range | 29 (14), 27, 3–58 | 41 (19), 45, 3–80 |
Female/Male, n | 43/6 | 36/28 |
Body mass index, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 21.0 (2.7) | 25.0 (5.0) |
Gluten-free diet, n | 49 | 4 |
Eating schedule | ||
Irregular, n | 9 | 12 |
Regular, n | 40 | 52 |
Number of meals per day | ||
< 3 meals per day, n | 1 | 1 |
3 meals per day, n | 9 | 29 |
> 3 meals per day, n | 39 | 34 |
Number of portions per day of grains/grain products | ||
0 portions, n | 0 | 1 |
< 3 portions, n | 26 | 34 |
3 portions, n | 17 | 18 |
> 3 portions, n | 6 | 11 |
Number of portions per day of vegetables | ||
0 portions, n | 1 | 2 |
< 3 portions, n | 34 | 45 |
3 portions, n | 11 | 15 |
> 3 portions, n | 3 | 2 |
Number of portions per day of fruits | ||
0 portions, n | 0 | 3 |
< 3 portions, n | 29 | 42 |
3 portions, n | 16 | 12 |
> 3 portions, n | 4 | 7 |
Number of portions per day of pulses | ||
0 portions, n | 5 | 5 |
< 3 portions, n | 40 | 49 |
3 portions, n | 4 | 9 |
> 3 portions, n | 0 | 1 |
Number of portions per day of dairy | ||
0 portions, n | 5 | 7 |
< 3 portions, n | 31 | 50 |
3 portions, n | 10 | 5 |
> 3 portions, n | 3 | 2 |
Number of portions per day of fish, poultry and eggs | ||
0 portions, n | 1 | 0 |
< 3 portions, n | 31 | 37 |
3 portions, n | 13 | 25 |
> 3 portions, n | 4 | 2 |
Number of portions per day of fats/oils | ||
0 portions, n | 3 | 3 |
< 3 portions, n | 39 | 51 |
3 portions, n | 6 | 8 |
> 3 portions, n | 1 | 2 |
Number of portions per day of sugary drinks and sweets | ||
0 portions, n | 13 | 16 |
< 3 portions, n | 32 | 43 |
3 portions, n | 4 | 3 |
> 3 portions, n | 0 | 2 |
Intake of nutritional supplements in the month prior to sample collection, n | 20 | 12 |