Fig. 1

Loss of bacterial diversity in cancer patients compared to HV using culturomics. A Number of species isolated in HV and cancer patients (melanoma and NSCLC) (Bilateral Mann–Whitney test). B Beta diversity between cancer patients and HV (PERMANOVA test). C Heatmap representation between cancer patients and HV. D Top 20 species enriched in each group, with bold values indicating significantly enriched results by bilateral Chi-squared test p ≤ 0.05. HV: Healthy volunteers. E Venn diagram representation between HV and cancer patients. Cancer- include patients with melanoma and NSCLC