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Table 1 Patient characteristics at the time of GI PCR testing, stratified based on GI PCR result

From: Risk factors and clinical outcomes associated with multiple as opposed to single pathogens detected on the gastrointestinal disease polymerase chain reaction assay

Variable

Negative (N = 3363)

Positive PCR

P value

Multiple (N = 356)

Single (N = 985)

Female sex

2089 (62%)

183 (51%)

529 (54%)

0.49

Age (years)

    

 18–40

1013 (30%)

134 (38%)

367 (37%)

0.059

 41–60

926 (28%)

117 (33%)

267 (27%)

 

 61 + 

1399 (42%)

103 (29%)

342 (35%)

 

Race

    

 Asian

67 (2%)

6 (2%)

21 (2%)

0.17

 Black

353 (11%)

41 (12%)

119 (12%)

 

 Other

1139 (34%)

157 (44%)

369 (38%)

 

 White

1804 (54%)

152 (43%)

476 (48%)

 

Ethnicity

    

 Hispanic

770 (23%)

134 (38%)

239 (24%)

 < 0.01

 Non-Hispanic

2019 (60%)

172 (48%)

581 (59%)

 

 Other

574 (17%)

50 (14%)

165 (17%)

 

Insurance status

    

 Commercial

2267 (67%)

275 (77%)

779 (79%)

0.67

 Medicaid no medicare

289 (9%)

47 (13%)

99 (10%)

 

 Medicaid with medicare

198 (6%)

24 (7%)

69 (7%)

 

 Medicare

145 (4%)

7 (2%)

21 (2%)

 

 Immunosuppression (overall)

726 (22%)

68 (19%)

147 (15%)

0.08

 Immune-mediated disease+

210 (6%)

54 (15%)

112 (11%)

0.07

 Solid organ transplant

296 (9%)

33 (9%)

79 (8%)

0.32

 HIV/AIDS

75 (2%)

17 (5%)

38 (4%)

0.55

 Immunosuppressive medication+

726 (22%)

68 (19%)

147 (15%)

0.08

Serum markers

    

 Albumin (< 3.4 g/dL)

54 (2%)

6 (2%)

15 (2%)

0.82

 Creatinine (> 1.1 mg/dL)

359 (11%)

72 (20%)

148 (15%)

035

Comorbidities

    

 Cardiovascular disease

1143 (34%)

140 (39%)

338 (34%)

0.10

 Diabetes

380 (11%)

51 (14%)

111 (11%)

0.16

 COPD

114 (3%)

4 (1%)

19 (2%)

0.44

 CKD or ESRD

187 (6%)

44 (12%)

76 (8%)

0.01

 Obesity

866 (26%)

84 (24%)

258 (26%)

0.37

 Inflammatory bowel disease

321 (10%)

31 (9%)

94 (10%)

0.72

 Malignancy

440 (13%)

41 (12%)

116 (12%)

0.97

 Smoker (ever)

110 (3%)

17 (5%)

35 (4%)

0.39

 Autoimmune disease

530 (16%)

62 (17%)

144 (15%)

0.24

Medications received

    

 PPI in prior 90 days

647 (19%)

83 (23%)

204 (21%)

0.21

 Antibiotics in prior 90 days

884 (26%)

112 (32%)

323 (33%)

0.40

 Hospitalized in prior 30 days

253 (8%)

26 (7%)

88 (9%)

0.40

  1. *Continuous variables reported as mean ± standard error or median (IQR). Categorical variables reported as N (%)
  2. +As defined by Supplementary Table 1
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Gut Pathogens

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